In conjunction with Dios widow, Wendy who has given Eyellusion boss Jeff Pezzuti and his team access to every frame and note of music created by the diminutive rock god over more than five decades Eyellusion was able to create a remarkably life-like facsimile that can seemingly interact with crowds and rock stages with the help of Dios real-life backing band, Dio Disciples. Large concert tours with never before seen. But this was Tupac the hologram, foul-mouthed and lifelike, performing before a shocked and then amazed crowd. On Dr. Dres order, an Academy Award-winning visual effects studio spent weeks designing a virtual Makaveli. We want to hear it. As for concerts, in the not very distant future, Finnerty predicted, the technology would evolve to the point at which a puppeteer sitting in the wings with a laptop could work the digital strings live allowing the hologram to react to the crowd or to members of a live band. MTV, EMA and all related titles, logos and characters are trademarks of Viacom International Inc. Bop Shop: Songs From Thundercat And Tame Impala, Aiza, Honey Revenge, And More, Jessie Ware Understands That Dancing Is Freedom, On her new album 'That! The hologram of Tupac Shakur that "performed" at Coachella with Snoop Dogg and Dr. Dre yesterday cost somewhere between $100,000 and $400,000, reports MTV News. Youd think there would be a market for something like that. This is an illusion [and it] is just the beginning." Only Tupacs estate has access. An award-winning team of journalists, designers, and videographers who tell brand stories through Fast Company's distinctive lens, The future of innovation and technology in government for the greater good, Fast Company's annual ranking of businesses that are making an outsize impact, Leaders who are shaping the future of business in creative ways, New workplaces, new food sources, new medicine--even an entirely new economic system, Coachella 2012 set the internet ablaze when Snoop Dogg closed out his headlining set by bringing out a hologram of the rapper Tupac Shakur. Tenacious D, the parody band that gave Jack Black his start, had recorded a gently mocking tribute song called Dio, in which Black demands Dios cape and scepter and informs him that hes too old to rock (no more rockin for you!). One of my friends who was really high got really upset that 2Pac was dead and why are we doing this. The precise figure has not been. They all packed in one room, where every single inch of the wall was covered with pictures of Pac for inspiration and reference. AV Concepts would not confirm whether or not all of the holograms vocals were pulled from actual recordings of the late rapper. But the outstanding question remained: Would audiences turn out for an entire hologram concert? Bop Shop: Songs From Thundercat And Tame Impala, Aiza, Honey Revenge, And More, Jessie Ware Understands That Dancing Is Freedom, On her new album 'That! Dr. Dre Hopes Tupac's Coachella Hologram Will Inspire Spin-Offs. Because he passed away in the late 90s, its not like these days where a lot of actors have scans done of them. There was something authentic and visceral about the projection of Tupac that Coachella attendees experienced. In place of the techniques traditional use of glass, AV Concepts would use Mylar foil. Originally the Peppers Ghost effect was used to reflect actual actors, but modern-day technological advances made it possible for the fallen rap star to make his posthumous concert appearance. And maybe holograms will make the leap from ridiculous-seeming technology to ubiquity, like podcasts or e-cigarettes. "Hologram USA started in 2014; we were all very much inspired by the Tupac hologram at Coachella," David told LATF. UPROXX Editor-in-Chief Brett Michael Dykes reached out to his friend, who saw the performance live. This is now achievable using AI software to make holograms, as researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) demonstrated in an experiment that created holograms fairly instantaneously. Were always cognizant of seams in our industry that might allow us to do things differently, Becker said. It was Dres idea to bring Tupac back, said Smith, whose company had been in previous talks with Dr. Dre about the possibility of the late artist performing again digitally. Earlier this year, Base put a hold on an Amy Winehouse concert in production, citing unique challenges and sensitivities., Weve got to be authentic and respectful of the artists that were working with, Becker says. Thanks to a century-oldillusiongoosed by ever-evolving cutting-edge digital technology, over the past decade beyond-the-grave shows have graduated fromone-off stunts to potentially lucrative tours that could change the way we experience concerts forever. This complexity came through in the body doubles performance, in the way she worked her shoulders or flashed a hard look at the nonexistent audience. The hologram would tour with a living backing group consisting, in large part, of former Dio bandmates. The effect itself is difficult to do. The reactions ranged from creepy to astonishingbut all entertainment veteran Martin Tudor could think was, Now what?, They did two songs and thats it? says Tudor, whose extensive career has spanned doing lighting design for Broadway shows to running a talent management group and record label. The creative team hadnt settled on anything yet. He believed there was potential to tap into something deeper with audiences and develop a sustainable business model. Get an ALERT when new shows are announced near you! The soundstage was a cavernous, warehouselike space, moodily lit, aggressively air-conditioned. There is a whole generation, including my son, who never had the chance to see Whitney perform, and it was important to me that they get that chance. The Tupac hologram was created with a combination of C.G.I., a body double and a 19th-century theatrical trick known as Peppers Ghost, some variation of which has been used for almost all the hologram musical performances of recent years. The hologram was first seen at the Coachella music festival in 2012, and was created by the company Digital Domain. In certain respects, Zappas psychedelic jams and goofy, satirical lyrics lent themselves perfectly to the experiment, allowing the creative team to deploy the Zappa hologram judiciously (like the shark from Jaws, someone backstage told me) in and around trippy visuals that reminded me of old screen-saver graphics: animated dental floss, a penguin being punished by a dominatrix, Zappa as a leisure-suit-wearing Ken doll. The performance, which was livestreamed worldwide on YouTube, ended with the virtual Makaveli returning to center stage, bowing his head and then disappearing in a burst of fragments. While the release of the album predates the rise of NFTs, PleasrDAO now owns the rights and has imposed strict restrictions on duplication, distribution or public exhibition. Whitneys legacy and her devoted fans deserve perfection.. For a moment, it bobbed in front of a black backdrop, which made me think of the old Charlie Rose set. During Michael Jordans two seasons playing for the Washington Wizards in the early 2000s, the Flint Air Jordan 9s sparked his passion for kicks. 2016:Like the Gorillaz, some artist need never have lived to get their hologram on, including J-Pop vocaloidsinger HatsuneMiku, who toured the U.S. in 2016 to rave reviews and some scratched heads. Tupac's Hologram: Probably not coming to an arena near you. One crucial decision that had faced the animators was choosing the right age for their creation. Theres a general trend going all the way back to the beginnings of opera in Europe: People tend to follow what happens overseas here in their programming. It not only has to prove that this nascent technology can help establish a new type of live entertainment, but it also has to do so amid theethical questions that surround holographic performances of deceased celebrities. Montgomery thinks it won't end there. Celebrated choreographer and music video director Fatima Robinson was tapped to helm An Evening with Whitney. There was someone in charge of lighting. But the concerts were a great success because of the stunning sound quality, including hearing Roys voice with nearly the same beauty and power it had live.. All rights reserved. Report: Tupac Hologram at Coachella Cost at Least $100K, Suga, Drake, And All the Songs You Need to Know This Week, BTS Suga (as Agust D) Reveals New Album D-Day Out This Month, See BTS Jung Kook Debut New Single Dreamers at FIFA World Cup Opening Ceremony, You Are Grimes Now: Inside Music's Weird AI Future, Pharrells Something in the Water Fest Cancels Final Day Due to Severe Weather, Stagecoach: Kane Brown Breaks Mental Health Stigma With 'Memory,' Talks Depression, Kiss Paul Stanley Has 'Thoughts' About Parents Who Support Kids Gender Identities, Kanye West Fallout Sparks Class Action Lawsuit Against Adidas, Roy Wood Jr. We took our time building it because we wanted to pass on the legacy of his incredible music to people who might not have gotten a chance to see Ronnie during his lifetime, said Pezzuti of the eight-month process of building the virtual Dio, who now lives on a portable hard drive. Its all in the writing and the script and the choreography and the production., Adds Tudor: Why do you go to the movies? We are creating a concert experience, Becker says. The Tupac hologram might be coming to an arena near you. Its stagecraft, part of a larger production, the person would tell me. "A piece of glass . The studios work on films such as X-Men: Days of Future Past, TRON: Legacy and 2008s The Curious Case of Benjamin Button, which won an Academy Award for best visual effects, all caught Dr. Dres attention. He last wrote a Letter of Recommendation column about badly dubbed movies. Tupac Hologram Snoop Dogg and Dr. Dre Perform Coachella Live 2012. Croshaw remembers dead silence from the crowd, before a heartbeat appeared on the LED screens flanking the stage and Eminem came out to the sounds of cheers. You wont believe it, but Im as happy to see you guys as you are to see the show. Opinion among the Dio faithful, nonetheless, was divided on the subject of his Dio Returns comeback tour, largely because Dio has been dead for almost 10 years. Just days after the CGI simulacrum joined Snoop Dogg and Dr Dre at the California festival, the two living rappers' teams are trying to work out whether the projection could accompany them on tour. Their skills spanned every digital effects department imaginable. Old Musicians Never Die. Tudor is far from fazed or surprised at the criticism. God, if we didnt have detractors, were not trying hard enough, I guess. Early one morning in May, I visited a soundstage in the Griffith Park neighborhood of Los Angeles to observe a motion-capture shoot for the Whitney Houston hologram. Theres a lot of tension on the screen, like 1,200-pounds-per-inch kind of tension, Tudor says. Dio winked, puckered his lips, raised an eyebrow. "It was his idea from the very beginning and we worked with him and his camp to utilize the technology to make it come to life. On Oct. 30, the "Roy Orbison and Buddy Holly The Rock 'N' Roll Dream Tour" comes to The Louisville Palace. From the Tupac Shakurhologram that blew fans minds at Coachella in 2012 to the digital Ronnie James Dio that is slated to hit the road for a world tour later this year, death is no longer a deal breaker. "That then reflects the, well, reflection onto a mylar sort of screen, and it projects in this sort of 3-D kind of thing where it allows the other performers to sort of walk in front of Tupac and basically interact [with] him.". Eyellusion also toured a hologram of Frank Zappa in the spring, in a show overseen by Zappas son Ahmet. This creates a new, decentralised route to the market for artists free of corporate interests or interests of individual producers, developing a fairer landscape for the future. What people saw onstage seven years ago has actually been around for much longerand, in fact, wasn't even a hologram. One of Tupac's most widely known songs, the song was released as a double A-sided single along with. Lit for the filming, the double cast a horror-movie shadow on the soundproofed wall of the otherwise darkened soundstage. On TV the projection had a flat, listless feel until De La Soul came out to give it some energy and Madonna strutted on stage for Hung Up, initially as an illusion, then in the flesh, where sheeventually gave theanime rockers the nod to go back into their hard drives. The mood and scene were one and the same out in that empty Southern California field. Get weekly rundowns straight to your inbox, A daily briefing on what matters in the music industry. Since then, theres been an announced rush of purported touring and resident projects involving everyone from Elvis toTammy Wynette. The office was on the second floor of a strip mall, above a vape shop and a massage parlor. holograms in the same way they would make characters like Gollum or Thanos: Motion-capture photography records the performance of a body double, which becomes the basis for a three-dimensional digital model, a block of clay animators proceed to modify in the case of celebrity holograms, most drastically by augmenting the body doubles features with a digitally sculpted likeness of the artist, which can lip-synch to an existing vocal track. The report cites one option would be to tour in stadiums and involve other hip-hop stars like Eminem, 50 Cent and Wiz Khalifa. A few hours before the show, I talked to the owner of the venue, the 47-year-old concert promoter Peter Shapiro. There were rotoscoping and paint teams to warp and pull the design to make it look like Tupacs body. You can take their likenesses and voice and take people that haven't done concerts before or perform music they haven't sung and digitally re-create it. In2016,a much-vaunteddiva summitbetween Christina Aguilera and a ghostly Whitney Houston that was slated for an episode of theThe Voice was announced to great fanfare. "We worked with Dr. Dre on this, and it was Dre's vision to bring this back to life," Nick Smith -- president of AV Concepts, the San Diego company that projected and staged the image -- exclusively told MTV News on Monday (April 16). He sang of wolves and demons, toured with an animatronic dragon and supposedly introduced the splay-fingered devil horns headbangers salute, which he claimed his Italian grandmother used to flash as an old-world method of warding off the malocchio and other forms of bad luck. Hes not in Cuba, or working as a cashier at a Cluck-U Chicken on the campus of the University of Maryland. Bases technology does have its limitations: Theres currently no way to project a volumetric image (which would represent a character in three dimensions), certain venue seats cant be sold because of angle issues, projections can walk across the stage but cant go up and down stairs, and so forth. 2007: Celine Dion walks out onto the American Idolstage with what appears to be a white-suit-wearing Presley to sing a duet on If I Can Dream. The surprise trick blew minds, and according to reports took months and months to create at a cost of nearly $100,000. Working with technology that makes that kind of touring possible, the focus was then placed on creating an engaging, full-length production. But the technology is there, and don't bet it'll be limited to this single appearance. Except, well, "performed" is a funny word to use. From Michael Jackson to Tupac Shakur, ODB, Juan Gabriel and. Epic Games, creators of the phenomenally successful Fortnite, predicts that digital twins will combine with the metaverse, an emerging network of fully immersive digital worlds. Hologram may join Snoop Dogg and Dr Dre on the road. Tupac never performed Hail Mary, which was released on The 7 Day Theory nearly two months after his death. Most notably, he took a deep dive into Niccolo Machiavellis 1532 political treatise The Prince, finding solace in the words of the 16th-century Italian philosopher and political theorist, who in his work presented the idea of feigning death to exploit ones enemies. Hair simulation is the most difficult part of the entire process, Finnerty said, adding, My hair guy is also my fire, water and ice guy. His lighting team had done the skin. It's popularity is due largely in part to the CEO of Hologram USA, Alki David and EVP David Nussbaum. You cant get that at home.. There have been no updates on that plan, or his promises of other resurrected pop idols,at press time. Robinson is a choreographer whose credits include Kendrick Lamars 2016 Grammys performance, the Weeknds 2016 Oscars performance, the film version of Dreamgirls, NBCs live broadcast of The Wiz and music videos for Michael Jackson, Mary J. Blige and Aaliyah. 's Hologram To Barclays? The live experience doesn't have to end when life does. With artificial intelligence and voice cloning, there would be no reason to limit the shows to recordings made when the artist was still alive. Sorry, there are no related Tupac shakur news & reviews available to display currently. But his digital. at a show in New York to collab on Bad Girls. The then switched places, with M.I.A. Although the image was not strictly speaking a hologram Shakur appeared in two dimensions, not three, using a 19th-century magician's illusion it was no cheap party trick. After the first run-through, she said, We need to go a little slower. The body double had been chosen from a pool of 900 applicants, and she was clearly a talented performer in her own right. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA Enterprise and the Google. It was great to hear Natalie Cole singing with her father, but that didnt inspire a long-term trend.. Apparently, that time has come, in no small part to the careful considerations Base is taking. 2017: Rapper O.T. Thats not even close to Tupac, Croshaw recalled of the reactions of Dr. Dre and his partners for the performance, director Philip Atwell of Geronimo Productions and Dylan Brown of Yard Entertainment. 2023 Rolling Stone, LLC. Technically? A coffee house. war between the two biggest hologram. It really looked 3-D, said Nick Smith, president of AV Concepts, the San Diego-based company that projected what he refers to as a holographic effect., It looked like there was really somebody onstage.. Fast forward four years to the moment when scientist/lecturer John Henry Pepper modifiedthe illusion for an 1862 performance of Charles Dickens The Haunted Man,which turned into a worldwide sensation that has been used everywhere from Disneys Haunted Mansion to an infamous scene in the 1971 James Bond thriller Diamonds are Forever. When he saw footage of the Tupac hologram at Coachella, Tudor had a hunch that there might be potential for the new technology beyond gimmicky festival cameos. Dio never became a household name, but he is considered one of the great heavy-metal vocalists of all time, up there with Ozzy Osbourne (whom he replaced in Black Sabbath) and metal-adjacent rockers like Axl Rose and Robert Plant. Tell us in the comments! Okay, so most of that is part of the grand illusion of the pop and rock spectacle. "Once this becomes a little less cost prohibitive, given the wild popularity of deceased stars like Elvis or Michael Jackson, I can see Las Vegas shelling out a lot of money to have these sort of 'live reviews,' " he says. The drop of Hail Mary cut him off before the eerily real digital figure bounced and swayed to the beat, dancing his way over to Snoop to perform 2 of Amerikaz Most Wanted in perfect cadence like they were at the House of Blues and it was 1996. Holograms have brought stars like Tupac and Michael Jackson back to life for fans. Like Peppers Ghost, Bases performances are essentially just 2D recorded renderings. A holographic image of Tupac Shakur is seen performing with Snoop Dogg during day 3 of the 2012 Coachella Valley Music & Arts Festival at the Empire Polo Field on April 15, 2012 in Indio, California. When youre making any character in digital effects, you really have to become that character, Croshaw said, and never in my life have I transformed into a character more than Tupac.. The precise figure has not been disclosed but according to AV Concepts, the company that created and staged the hologram, that is the general amount required to produce a similar effect. This has the potential to benefit fans, new music genres and artists alike. Its just a big undertaking. Base also records live actors with CGI mapping to create its stars. People are clamoring for nostalgia, Tudor says. Is this going to be fine?. Find Other Tupac Tribute Dates And See Why SeatGeek Is The Trusted Choice For Tickets. It was a technological feat that made history, wowed audiences and brought a dead rapper back to life. 2023 Billboard Media, LLC. When it was time, AV Concepts crew members had about 90 seconds to calibrate their screen in the wind before all systems were a go. ), The image looked shockingly good, but how did it work? After months of planning, the studio created the hologram in nearly four months. Abbas music is undoubtedly timeless; the simple tunes with incredibly complicated structures appeal to millions. The hood of Marshall Mathers jacket draped over his head as he watched in silence. It had to be dark. As well as appearing at Coachella's forthcoming second weekend, the Shakur hologram is being prepared for a possible arena tour. Some of the other team members didnt quite understand. 2023 Viacom International Inc. All Rights Reserved. But that also leaves a lot of white-space innovation, which he believes can be filled by live performers adopting the technology to make it less of a novelty. The Tupac hologram performed only two songs, shouting, What the [expletive] is up, Coachella? and rapping 2 of Amerikaz Most Wanted alongside Snoop Dogg. George Lucas's Industrial Light and Magic has created holographic lookalikes that interact with a live band in a specially designed purpose-built theatre in east London. Peppers Ghost was popularized by British scientist John Henry Pepper, who debuted his version in an 1862 stage production of Charles DickenssThe Haunted Man and the Ghosts Bargain. Had Dio submitted himself to a full-body scan while alive, the process would have been much easier. And as these representatives point out, people see tribute acts all the time. In January 2018, Tudor, along with former Clear Channel CEO Brian Becker, announced the launch of Base Hologram, a production company for holographic performances. Dre Young had a specific vision for his headlining performance with Snoop Dogg. Along with their interest in emerging technology, this sowed the seeds to recapture and reinvent the Abba machine 40 years later. During the facial capture, hundreds of eye, mouth and facial-muscle movements of a living subject (not necessarily the body double) are recorded. Roy Orbison revived as a hologram at a show in Los Angeles. Be the first to, 2002 - 2022 Stereoboard.com. Upon seeing the Tupac Hologram (which went on to win Digital Domain the prestigious Cannes Lions Titanium Award in June 2012, for the most groundbreaking work in the creative communications field), many people didnt know what to make of it. Having a person look real while performing a song for six minutes, with no cutting away or other editing assists that would be available in a film or television show, that was something else entirely. According to the trade publication, the solo Orbison tour grossed nearly $1.7 million over 16 shows, selling 71 percent of the seats available, while Zappa sold an average of 973 seats per show, nearly selling out venues in Amsterdam and London. Would I describe myself as moved? It looked like Zappa up there, more or less, though his form radiated the paranormal brightness that holograms cant help emitting. But the miscues were relentless: unanticipated flashes, rendering errors, plain old glitches, you name it. there are currently no upcoming events. Send us a tip using our anonymous form. animator at Digital Domain, on movies like Flags of Our Fathers and Pirates of the Caribbean: At Worlds End. When Jeff Pezzuti, a Westchester-based vice president of finance at a cloud-computing consulting firm, decided to start his own hologram company, Eyellusion, he reached out to Finnerty, asking if he wanted to talk. Another one he has is this, like, kind of crooked sort of eyebrow raise, where one of his eyebrows goes up. (Although 'Pac's ghostly figure has been widely reported as a hologram, Ulbrich told the Journal that its technical description is a 2-D image and not a hologram, which is 3-D.). That was something that we really wanted to embrace, so we spent a lot of time on the smile shape., When youre making any character in digital effects, you have to become that character and never in my life have I transformed into a character more than Tupac., The strange legacy of Tupacs hologram lives on five years after its historic Coachella debut, 2012 Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, How we may see in a Chamber things that are not, nine-month prison sentence on sexual assault charges in 1995, Niccolo Machiavellis 1532 political treatise, Machiavelli faked his death before reappearing seven days later to seek revenge upon his enemies, who died in 2016, four years after the Coachella performance, Death Row CEO Suge Knight had something to say, Cluck-U Chicken on the campus of the University of Maryland. Imagining this future as he watched Dio on his screen, Finnerty referred to him as the asset, as in: This asset is ready for any other adventure we want to put him on. So you have to set up an enormous structure around that to be able to deal with the tension on the screen. Its a fair argument that Base is ready to use against the questions fogging posthumous performances as its roster of artists continues to grow. There was something eerie about the way Houstons voice and the mid-90s dance beat echoed through the vast space music being played at club volume to a nearly empty room, with no one dancing, not even the avatar pretending to sing. 2014: That same year Janelle Monamaterialized alongside M.I.A. Visit Billboard Pro for music business news, Logic Calls Kanye West a Fing Moron Over White Lives MatterShirts, Patti LaBelle Had No Clue What the Chorus of Lady Marmalade Was About, She Just Knew It Was aHit, Bruce Springsteen Says This Is His Most DefinitiveAlbum. Finding the cheapest Tupac Shakur tickets is quick and easy - we search the major UK ticket agencies and ticket exchanges, to find you the cheapest prices for all Tupac Shakur tickets, even if the event is sold out! After hearing out Tudors hologram pitch, Becker wondered if the technology might represent such a seam. Then,all youre left with is the die-hardfans who crave an endorphin blast they can never tap into again. Tupac Shakur on the Outro of his fourth posthumous album, Better Dayz (2002). Preeg served as an animation director, heavily involved in the rigging of Tupacs skeleton. What makes him, him? For Tupac at Coachella, a live actor was made to look like Tupac using CGI. At a brief demonstration I attended at Sothebys in New York, the hologram wore a white gown and a long red shawl. Whats more, its not like an audio or video recording thats released after an artist dies. his New York Times review of the Lincoln Center performance. You teased me, but now I want to see a show.. Youre not seeing a live experience. Kurt Cobain, sporting the same faded green cardigan he wore on MTV Unplugged, might turn up at a surprise appearance with Billie Eilish at the Grammys. "Dre has a massive vision for this.". Yes, theres Taylor Swift, theres Ariana Grande. One way to think about the show, he told me, is as a very childlike way of dealing with loss. For a couple of hours every night, Frank is up there onstage again, playing with his guys, and Ahmet can almost convince himself that he has his father back. Hologram Biggie takes the Thomas Jefferson role in Hamilton. Bob Marley interrupts his performance of Exodus to plug the new season of Curb Your Enthusiasm.. In a matter of moments, Tupac Shakur rose from the floor of the stage and greeted his Death Row brethren. Rolling Stone is a part of Penske Media Corporation. Still-breathing musicians also made use of the technology, including the rapper Chief Keef, who in 2015, as a means of avoiding outstanding legal warrants, beamed a hologram performance from California to a music festival in Hammond, Ind. Its a very elaborate staging apparatus that has to be built to do this, and it has to be in the right conditions, Smith said. And if youre looking for the hologram, you wont find it at Digital Domain or AV Concepts. Tupac Shakur's holographic Coachella performancewasnt as futuristic as it may seemnot that it was any less spectacular. With Tupac, we didnt have anything. They ended up using footage of Tupacs final live performance from July 4, 1996, at the House of Blues in Los Angeles, which was released on DVD in 2005. 2017: Less than a year after beloved Mexican pop singer Juan Gabriel died at age 66 he was resurrected in February courtesy of, you guessed it,Hologram USA, the same companythat got this whole things started with Tupac at Coachella. "It was just a crazy feeling, made me think of that one moment when I seen dude in real life," said Kendrick Lamar who also rocked the stage alongside Dr. Dre. Remember, everything Orbison ever recorded is left untouched by the hologram. Base incorporates live elements into its productions (for example, Maria Callas tours with a 50-piece orchestra), but Becker and Tudor are hoping to reframe the live experience in this particular context as something of a hybrid between a film and theater production. For Becker, live entertainment was a family business.
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